患者告知书：控制盆腔疼痛

患者告知书：控制盆腔疼痛 (美国 2008)
 

this fact sheet was developed in collaboration with the society of reprodutive surgeons

告知书与美国生殖外科学会合作修订岳阳市第一人民医院妇产科李诚

many women have pain in their pelvis (lower part of the

belly) from time to time, usually during their period. however,

if you have daily pelvic pain, it could be a sign of a

bigger problem with your bladder, bowels, reproductive

organs, or pelvic muscles. many conditions cause pelvic

pain, including endometriosis, adhesions, chronic

appendicitis, or hernias.

很多妇女有时候下腹部盆腔疼痛，通常是在月经期。然而如果每天都盆腔痛，可能是你的膀胱、肠管、生殖器官和盆腔肌肉有更大问题的迹象。很多情况导致盆腔疼痛，包括子宫内膜异位症、粘连、慢性阑尾炎或疝气。

sometimes medication is necessary to treat the problem;

other times surgery is needed. your doctor will evaluate

you to determine the problem and what kind of treatment

may be of benefit.

有的时候治疗必须服药；有的时候需要做手术。医生将评估你的情况确定你的问题采取哪一种治疗才是明智选择。

evaluation 评估

your doctor will ask you whether it is painful for you to go

to the bathroom, walk, sit, climb stairs, or drive a car. if

you have pain during these activities, your problems may

be in your bladder, bowels, or the muscles of your pelvis,

hips, or lower back. your doctor will press on these muscle

areas to determine exactly where the pain is originating.

problems such as endometriosis can cause pain because

there may be tissue from the endometriosis on different

organs within and outside of the pelvic cavity, which

includes the ovaries, bladder, behind the uterus, and bowel.

some doctors may suspect these problems during a pelvic

exam.

医生会问你去洗手间、步行、上楼梯或开车时疼不疼。如果这些活动时疼，可能是膀胱、肠管的问题，或盆腔、臀部或腰部肌肉的问题。医生会按压这些肌肉以确定引起疼痛的病因，例如子宫内膜异位症是盆腔内外不同器官包括卵巢、膀胱、子宫后壁和肠管上的子宫内膜异位症导致疼痛。在盆腔检查时，医生会质疑这些问题。

conservative treatment  保守治疗

conservative treatment means treatment without performing

surgery. your doctor may first try to treat your pelvic

pain with birth control pills and/or non-narcotic pain medications.

if these options do not work, you may be given

medications that take away the estrogen in your body,

therefore placing you in a short-term, menopause-like state.

decreasing the estrogen in your body will decrease the

endometriosis implants and pain.

保守治疗的意思是不动手术的治疗，医生会先用避孕药和/或非麻醉药的止痛药治疗盆腔痛，如果这些治疗无效，会用将雌激素排出体外的药物使你在短期绝经样状态下，你体内的雌激素下降会减少子宫内膜异位组织的种植和疼痛。

diagnostic laparoscopy: finding out what is wrong

腹腔镜诊断：发现有什么问题

laparoscopy is a type of surgery that is performed with a

telescope that is attached to a camera (laparoscope). the

laparoscope is inserted into one to four small incisions in

your belly. during a laparoscopic surgery, your doctor will

be able to view your pelvic organs to see if they, or any

other conditions, are contributing to your pain. some of the

conditions your doctor may find are endometriosis, adhesions

(scar tissue), appendicitis (infection of the appendix),

or a hernia. sometimes, even finding out that everything is

normal can be helpful in choosing further treatment.

the two most common problems that can be treated with a

laparoscopy are endometriosis and pelvic adhesions:

腹腔镜是一种手术，腹腔镜由放大镜连接摄像机组成。腹腔镜从腹部的1-4个小切口插入。腹腔镜手术时，医生能观察盆腔器官以看清楚是不是它们或其他情况引起疼痛。医生有时候发现子宫内膜异位症，盆腔粘连（疤痕组织）、阑尾炎（阑尾发炎）或疝气。有时候甚至发现盆腔什么都正常，也有助于选择下一步的治疗。腹腔镜能治疗的两个最常见的病是子宫内膜异位症和盆腔粘连。

endometriosis: endometriosis can cause daily pelvic pain,

painful periods, and pain during bowel movements or sex.

having endometriosis can also make it harder for you to

get pregnant.

子宫内膜异位症：子宫内膜异位症经常导致盆腔疼痛、痛经、肠蠕动痛或性交痛。子宫内膜异位症还使受孕更困难。

at the time of your laparoscopy, your doctor will

attempt to remove the endometrial tissue that is seen with

an electric current or laser. treatment will help to decrease

or eliminate your symptoms and may make it easier for

you to become pregnant.

做腹腔镜时，医生用电流或激光去除可见的子宫内膜异位症。治疗有助于减轻和消除症状，更容易受孕。

pelvic adhesions (scar tissue): adhesions in and around

the pelvic cavity may form if you have endometriosis, a

pelvic infection, surgery on your pelvis, a cyst on an ovary,

or have had surgery on your pelvis. scar tissue causes

organs that normally are separate from each other to

become attached. for example, your ovary can be attached

to your bowel, and your doctor will separate the adhesions

with laparoscopic scissors to help relieve pain. this seems

to work best when the adhesions are not too severe.

盆腔粘连（疤痕组织）：子宫内膜异位症、盆腔炎、盆腔手术如卵巢囊肿手术或以前做过盆腔手术，疤痕组织导致盆腔正常状态下互相分离的器官粘连。如卵巢和肠管粘连，医生要用腹腔镜剪刀分离粘连以缓解疼痛。若粘连不太严重，效果最好。

 

2008 the american society for reproductive medicine • asrm grants permission to photocopy this fact sheet and distribute it to patients   created 2008

2008年美国生殖医学会批准这份告知书复印件派发患者  2008年制订